Bird death = union not division; fine-flour sin-gift without oil/frankincense
Cyril: …upon you, and learn from me, that I am meek and humble in the heart.’ (Matthew 11:29) So then he will take the turtle-dove, he says, ‘the priest, and will pinch-off with the nail. For thus are slaughtered the light of the little-birds. Yet, he will not cut-off altogether, clear that the head. For thus the death of Christ has been done, not unto a dividing, but unto a union. Therefore also in beginnings setting a law upon the Pascha, he has ordered the lamb to be sacrificed-down, yet ‘In a house it will be eaten,’ he says, ‘one, and you will not carry-out of his meats outside.’ (Exodus 12:46) For Christ has been divided nowhere, but one wholly and in each and in all he is, and he himself is our peace, gathering us unto a union both the toward one another in same-souledness, and the through himself toward God in Spirit. (Ephesians 2:14) That then not a bringer of dividing, but of union toward us the death of Christ has become, was showing sideways the little-bird being sacrificed, yet not also altogether being sheared of the vertebra the head; and that he sanctifies the Church with his own blood, would signal, the being sprinkled with the blood of the little-bird the tent and the things in it. And one turtle-dove over sin, and one again, unto a whole-burnt-offering, and through both Christ is understood, both dying over us, and being whole-burnt unto a smell of sweet-fragrance for the Father, and indeed also dedicating himself as exchange of the life of all.
Palladius: You spoke well.
Cyril: Yet the law lowers also unto the very easily-obtained manner of the sacrifice; and proportionally to the measures of each he orders to make, cutting-under everywhere the hesitation upon the best things, and making without-excuse for those having chosen the slack. And he writes thus again: ‘And if his hand should not find a yoke of turtle-doves, or two young of doves, also he will bring his gift, about which he sinned, the tenth of the ephah of fine-flour about sin. He will not pour upon it oil, nor will he put upon it frankincense, because it is about sin, and he will bring it toward the priest, and the priest having grasped from it full his grasp, its memorial he will put upon the altar of the whole-burnt-offerings of Lord, it is sin. And the priest will propitiate about him, about his sin, which he sinned from one of these, and it will be forgiven for him. And the leftover will be for the priest, as a sacrifice of the fine-flour.’ (Leviticus 5:11-13) But at least in these, about Christ no longer, but the life of the one bringing-forward, and the approach in Christ, and the dedication unto God, the manner of the sacrifice under-shows for us. For fine-flour is brought-forward a genesis of bread. And a type of life, the bread; but neither with frankincense must it be sprinkled, nor indeed with oil be soaked, he says, announcing-before very well a wise and necessary starting-point of such a thing, because it is about sin, of which far altogether and in every way would be the cheerful, as being understood in oil, and indeed the sweet-smelling, as somehow in frankincense; and it would not be disputed, that a grim and truly unscented thing is the sin in us. And she will grow-rich upon
Greek
ἐφ' ὑμᾶς, καὶ μάθετε ἀπ' ἐμοῦ, ὅτι πρᾶός εἰμι καὶ ταπεινὸς τῇ καρδίᾳ.» Λήψεται τοίνυν τὴν τρυγόνα, φησὶν, «ὁ ἱερεὺς, καὶ ἀποκνίσει τῷ ὄνυχι. Σφάζεται γὰρ οὕτω τὰ ἐλαφρὰ τῶν στρουθίων. Πλὴν, οὐκ εἰσάπαν ἀποτεμεῖ, δῆλον δὲ ὅτι τὴν κεφαλήν. Πέπρακται γὰρ οὕτως ὁ Χριστοῦ θάνατος, οὐκ εἰς μερισμὸν, ἀλλ' εἰς ἕνωσιν. Τοιγάρτοι καὶ ἐν ἀρχαῖς ἐπὶ τὸ Πάσχα τιθεὶς νόμον, καταθύεσθαι μὲν προστέταχε τὸν ἀμνὸν, πλὴν «Ἐν οἰκίᾳ βρωθήσεται,» φησὶ, «μιᾷ, καὶ οὐκ ἐξοίσετε τῶν κρεῶν αὐτοῦ ἔξω.» Μεμέρισται γὰρ οὐδαμῶς ὁ Χριστὸς, ἀλλ' εἷς ὁλοκλήρως καὶ ἐν ἑκάστῳ καὶ ἐν πᾶσίν ἐστι, καὶ αὐτός ἐστιν ἡ εἰρήνη ἡμῶν, συλλέγων ἡμᾶς εἰς ἕνωσιν τήν τε πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἐν ὁμοψυχίᾳ, καὶ τὴν δι' ἑαυτοῦ πρὸς Θεὸν ἐν Πνεύματι. Ὅτι τοίνυν οὐ μερισμοῦ πρόξενος, ἀλλ' ἑνώσεως πρὸς ἡμᾶς ὁ Χριστοῦ γέγονε θάνατος, ἐδήλου πλαγίως τὸ θύεσθαι μὲν τὸ στρουθίον, οὐ μὴν καὶ εἰσάπαν ἀποκείρεσθαι τοῦ σπονδούλου τὴν κεφαλήν· ὅτι δὲ ἁγιάζει τὴν Ἐκκλησίαν τῷ ἰδίῳ αἵματι, κατασημήνειεν ἂν, τὸ τῷ αἵματι τοῦ στρουθίου καταραίνεσθαι τὴν σκηνὴν καὶ τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ. Μία δὲ τρυγὼν ὑπὲρ ἁμαρτίας, καὶ μία πάλιν, εἰς ὁλοκαύτωμα, νοεῖται δὲ δι' ἀμφοῖν ὁ Χριστὸς, καὶ ἀποθνήσκων ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν, καὶ εἰς ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας ὁλοκαυτούμενος τῷ Πατρὶ, καὶ μὴν καὶ ἀντάλλαγμα τῆς ἁπάντων ζωῆς ἑαυτὸν ἀνατιθείς.
{ΠΑΛΛ.} Εὖ ἔφης.
{ΚΥΡ.} Ὑποβιβάζει γε μὴν ὁ νόμος καὶ εἰς τὸ λίαν εὐπόριστον τῆς θυσίας τὸν τρόπον· καὶ ἀναλόγως τοῖς ἑκάστου μέτροις ποιεῖσθαι προστάττει, τὸν ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀρίστοις ὄκνον ὑποτεμνόμενος πανταχῆ, καὶ ἀπροφάσιστον καθιστὰς τοῖς ἑλοῦσι τὸ ῥᾴθυμον. Γράφει δὲ ὧδε πάλιν· «Ἐὰν δὲ μὴ εὑρίσκῃ ἡ χεὶρ αὐτοῦ ζεῦγος τρυγόνων, ἢ δύο νεοσσοὺς περιστερῶν, καὶ οἴσει τὸ δῶρον αὐτοῦ, περὶ οὗ ἥμαρτε, τὸ δέκατον τοῦ οἶφι σεμιδάλεως περὶ ἁμαρτίας. Οὐκ ἐπιχεεῖ ἐπ' αὐτὸ ἔλαιον, οὐδὲ ἐπιθήσει ἐπ' αὐτῷ λίβανον, ὅτι περὶ ἁμαρτίας ἐστὶ, καὶ οἴσει αὐτὴν πρὸς τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ δραξάμενος ὁ ἱερεὺς ἀπ' αὐτῆς πλήρη τὴν δράκα αὐτοῦ, τὸ μνημόσυνον αὐτῆς ἐπιθήσει ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον τῶν ὁλοκαυτωμάτων Κυρίου, ἁμαρτία ἐστί. Καὶ ἐξιλάσεται περὶ αὐτοῦ ὁ ἱερεὺς, περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας αὐτοῦ, ἧς ἥμαρτεν ἀφ' ἑνὸς τούτων, καὶ ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ. Τὸ δὲ καταλειφθὲν ἔσται τῷ ἱερεῖ, ὡς θυσία τῆς σεμιδάλεως.» Ἀλλ' ἔν γε δὴ τούτοις, περὶ Χριστοῦ μὲν οὐκέτι, τὴν δὲ τοῦ προσάγοντος ζωὴν, καὶ τὴν ἐν Χριστῷ πρόσοδον, καὶ τὴν εἰς Θεὸν ἀφιέρωσιν, ὁ τῆς θυσίας ἡμῖν ὑποφαίνει τρόπος. Προσφέρεται μὲν γὰρ σεμίδαλις ἄρτου γένεσις. Ζωῆς δὲ τύπος, ὁ ἄρτος· ἀλλ' οὔτε λιβάνῳ καταπάττεσθαι δεῖν αὐτὴν, οὔτε μὴν ἐλαίῳ δεδεῦσθαι λέγει, σοφήν τε καὶ ἀναγκαίαν τοῦ τοιοῦδε τὴν ἀφορμὴν εὖ μάλα προαναφωνῶν, ὅτι περὶ ἁμαρτίας ἐστὶν, ἧς ἂν εἴη πάντη τε καὶ πάντως ἀπωτάτω τὸ ἱλαρὸν, ὡς ἐν ἐλαίῳ νοούμενον, καὶ μέν τοι τὸ εὐῶδες, ὡς ἐν λιβάνῳ τυχόν· εἴη δ' ἂν οὐκ ἀμφίλογον, ὅτι χρῆμα στυγνὸν καὶ ἄοσμον ἀληθῶς, ἡ ἐν ἡμῖν ἁμαρτία. Καταπλουτήσει δὲ ἐφ'
About this text
Cyril continues the dialogue with Palladius. Book 15 of a seventeen-book dialogue — not the whole work.
English follows Migne PG 68 (Aubert reprint). The PDF and a cleaned text of the same print were checked against each other. This page is Book 15 of seventeen. This is a reading translation for study, not a new critical edition of the Greek.
Witnesses
- Copy-text Migne PG 68 De adoratione Book 15 (Aubert reprint) (Greek · Book 15)
- Checked print PDF of PG 68 De adoratione (Greek · Book 15)
English is newly prepared for study from the stated edition. Open Greek on each section for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.