Measured suburbs; refuge cities; care for bound; sabbath/jubilee of hope
Cyril: …for their cattle, and for all their four-foots. And the adjoining of the cities, which you will give to the Levites, from wall of the city and outside two thousand cubits in a circle, and you will measure outside the city the breadth toward east two thousand cubits, and the breadth toward south two thousand cubits, and the breadth toward sea two thousand cubits, and the breadth toward north two thousand cubits, and the city middle of this will be for you, and the borders of the cities, and the cities you will give to the Levites, the six cities of the flight-refuges, which you will give for the murderer to flee there.’ For it has been allowed for the saints, also in this world to possess the life-sufficient, and as many as would suffice for them, as toward at least the necessary need of the body. ‘For having,’ he says, ‘nourishments, and coverings, with these we will be contented.’ (Numbers 35:4–6) And the still surplus, not without-damage. So then little-cities and rooms, both surrounding-fields, and this measured, have been distributed to the holy liturgists; for God was judging thus, neither releasing unto beyond need or unto luxury, nor indeed crushing measurelessly with the very tightened, but standing-off usefully, both the very much lacking, and abolishing the grieving. For he was measuring to the need the self-sufficiency. And indeed he orders the cities of the flight-refuges to be entrusted to the Levites, setting beside the care of the sacred-workers a race most having suffered, and needing of as much help as most. And a type, I think, from here for the churches, the needing to care for bound ones; ‘For remember,’ he says, ‘the bound, as having been bound-with; the mistreated, as also yourselves being in body.’ (1 Timothy 6:8)
Palladius: True.
Cyril: And that in firm are the things of the hope for the holy sacred-workers, and indeed that continual is the lot for them, he was under-showing again riddlingly according to some such manner. For it has been written upon end of Leviticus: ‘And the Lord spoke toward Moses, saying: Speak to the sons of Israel, and you will say toward them: If you should go into the land, which I give you, and the land which I give you will rest, Sabbaths to Lord. Six years you will sow your field, six years you will cut your vineyard, and you will gather its fruit; and in the seventh year Sabbaths, a rest will be for the land, Sabbaths to the Lord.’ (Hebrews 13:3) And having defined the Sabbathizing, having ordered the land to be released unsown and unplowed in the seventh year, he adds again: ‘And you will number for yourself seven rests of years, seven years seven-times. And there will be for you seven weeks of years nine and forty years, you will announce with a trumpet’ (Leviticus 25:1–10)s voice in all your land, in the seventh month, on the tenth of the month, on the day of the propitiation you will announce with trumpet in all your land. And you will sanctify the year the fiftieth year, and you will cry-through a release upon the land for all those dwelling it. A year of release, this signaling will be for you, and each one will go away unto his possession,’
Greek
τοῖς κτήνεσιν αὐτῶν, καὶ πᾶσι τοῖς τετράποσιν αὐτῶν. Καὶ τὰ συγκυροῦντα τῶν πόλεων, ἃς δώσετε τοῖς Λευΐταις, ἀπὸ τείχους τῆς πόλεως καὶ ἔξω δισχιλίους πήχεις κύκλῳ, καὶ μετρήσεις ἔξω τῆς πόλεως τὸ κλίτος τὸ πρὸς ἀνατολὰς δισχιλίους πήχεις, καὶ τὸ κλίτος τὸ πρὸς λίβα δισχιλίους πήχεις, καὶ τὸ κλίτος τὸ πρὸς θάλασσαν δισχιλίους πήχεις, καὶ τὸ κλίτος τὸ πρὸς βοῤῥᾶν δισχιλίους πήχεις, καὶ ἡ πόλις μέσον τούτου ἔσται ὑμῖν, καὶ τὰ ὅμορα τῶν πόλεων, καὶ τὰς πόλεις δώσετε τοῖς Λευΐταις, τὰς ἓξ πόλεις τῶν φυγαδευτηρίων, ἃς δώσετε φυγεῖν ἐκεῖ τῷ φονεύσαντι.» Ἐφεῖται γὰρ τοῖς ἁγίοις, καὶ ἐν τῷδε τῷ κόσμῳ κεκτῆσθαι τὰ ζωαρκῆ, καὶ ὅσαπερ ἂν αὐτοῖς, ὡς πρός γε τὴν ἀναγκαίαν τοῦ σώματος χρείαν, ἀρκέσειεν ἄν. «Ἔχοντες γὰρ, φησὶ, διατροφὰς, καὶ σκεπάσματα, τούτοις ἀρκεσθησόμεθα.» Καὶ τὸ ἔτι περιττὸν, οὐκ ἀζήμιον. Πολίχναι δὴ οὖν καὶ δωμάτια, περισπόριά τε, καὶ τοῦτο μεμετρημένα, τοῖς ἁγίοις ἐκνενέμηνται λειτουργοῖς· ἐδικαίου γὰρ ὧδε Θεὸς, οὔτε τοῖς ὑπὲρ τὴν χρείαν ἢ εἰς τρυφὴν ἀνιεὶς, οὔτε μὴν τῷ λίαν κατεσφιγμένῳ καταθλίβων ἀμέτρως, ἀφιστὰς δὲ χρησίμως, καὶ τὸ πολὺ λίαν ἐνδεὲς, καὶ τὸ λυποῦν ἀφανίζων. Συνεμέτρει γὰρ τῇ χρείᾳ τὴν αὐτάρκειαν. Ἐπιτρέπεσθαί γε μὴν τοῖς Λευΐταις τὰς τῶν φυγαδευτηρίων ἐντέλλεται πόλεις, γένος τὸ μάλιστα πεπονθὸς, πλείστης δὲ ὅσης ἐπικουρίας δεόμενον, τῇ τῶν ἱερουργῶν φροντίδι παρατιθέμενος. Τύπος δὲ, οἶμαι, ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις ἐντεῦθεν, τὸ ἐπιμελεῖσθαι δεσμίων· «Μνημονεύετε» γὰρ, φησὶ, «τῶν δεσμίων, ὡς συνδεδεμένοι· τῶν κακουχουμένων, ὡς καὶ αὐτοὶ ὄντες ἐν σώματι.»
{ΠΑΛΛ.} Ἀληθές.
{ΚΥΡ.} Ἐν βεβαίῳ δὲ ὅτι τὰ τῆς ἐλπίδος τοῖς ἁγίοις ἱερουργοῖς, καὶ μὴν ὅτι διηνεκὴς ὁ κλῆρος αὐτοῖς, ὑπεδήλου πάλιν αἰνιγματωδῶς κατὰ τοιόνδε τινὰ τρόπον. Γέγραπται γὰρ ἐπὶ τέλει τοῦ Λευϊτικοῦ· «Καὶ ἐλάλησε Κύριος πρὸς Μωσῆ, λέγων· Λάλησον τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτούς· Ἐὰν εἰσέλθητε εἰς τὴν γῆν, ἣν ἐγὼ δίδωμι ὑμῖν, καὶ ἀναπαύσεται ἡ γῆ ἣν ἐγὼ δίδωμι ὑμῖν, Σάββατα Κυρίῳ. Ἓξ ἔτη σπερεῖς τὸν ἀγρόν σου, ἓξ ἔτη τεμεῖς τὴν ἄμπελόν σου, καὶ συνάξεις τὸν καρπὸν αὐτῆς τῷ δὲ ἔτει τῷ ἑβδόμῳ Σάββατα, ἀνάπαυσις ἔσται τῇ γῇ, Σάββατα τῷ Κυρίῳ.» Διορισάμενος δὲ τὸν Σαββατισμὸν, ἄσπορόν τε καὶ ἀνήροτον ἀνεῖσθαι τὴν γῆν ἐν ἔτει προστεταχὼς τῷ ἑβδόμῳ, προσεπάγει πάλιν· «Καὶ ἐξαριθμήσεις σεαυτῷ ἑπτὰ ἀναπαύσεις ἐτῶν, ἑπτὰ ἔτη ἑπτάκις. Καὶ ἔσονταί σοι ἑπτὰ ἑβδομάδες ἐτῶν ἐννέα καὶ τεσσαράκοντα ἔτη, διαγγελεῖτε σάλπιγγος φωνῇ ἐν πάσῃ τῇ γῇ ὑμῶν, ἐν τῷ μηνὶ τῷ ἑβδόμῳ, τῇ δεκάτῃ τοῦ μηνὸς, τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τοῦ ἱλασμοῦ διαγγελεῖτε σάλπιγγι ἐν πάσῃ τῇ γῇ ὑμῶν. Καὶ ἁγιάσετε τὸ ἔτος τὸν πεντηκοστὸν ἐνιαυτὸν, καὶ διαβοήσετε ἄφεσιν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς πᾶσι τοῖς κατοικοῦσιν αὐτήν. Ἐνιαυτὸς ἀφέσεως, σημασία αὕτη ἔσται ὑμῖν, καὶ ἀπελεύσεται εἷς ἕκαστος εἰς τὴν κτῆσιν αὐτοῦ,
About this text
Cyril continues the dialogue with Palladius. Book 13 of a seventeen-book dialogue — not the whole work.
English follows Migne PG 68 (Aubert reprint). The PDF and a cleaned text of the same print were checked against each other. This page is Book 13 of seventeen. This is a reading translation for study, not a new critical edition of the Greek.
Witnesses
- Copy-text Migne PG 68 De adoratione Book 13 (Aubert reprint) (Greek · Book 13)
- Checked print PDF of PG 68 De adoratione (Greek · Book 13)
English is newly prepared for study from the stated edition. Open Greek on each section for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.