Starve them, and arm with air and water
If you cut the enemies' trees you will keep the other side from hiding. For not needing the others' pasture, the fodder brought along is enough, and whatever else has been thought out for a long campaign, toward having plenty of supplies and toward suffering nothing hard from the enemy — which is also the first deed of valor, because not to suffer is much better than to do harm. Pyrrhus, at any rate, though he had the advantage of the Romans, was consumed.
Time first, and wearing, and famine, and destruction, must especially be used against barbarians, whose gathering of the army is for a season and not a lasting force, but plunder from a raid. They bring foods measured in days and a stated number of missiles, and when those are spent their flight is obvious. Why then hurry to meet enemies whom, if I wait, I shall see driven by their own time-limit? Famine comes on them overdue, the few foods spent in vain. Come then, let us not even permit those starving men to flee. Let destruction without iron hold them, an end without battle. Let us beat them with air as ally and water as helper; with the elements let us arm against them. I general a secret array; I use a fight that does not show. Let every enemy fall when he has breathed, when he thirsts, or when he has eaten; I make all things dangerous to him. Let him starve if he stays, and take plague so that he may not flee. Let us do the work of a great prayer. Air as ally emptied Athens when it was filled with Lacedaemonians, and such a condition held the Carthaginians in Sicily. The victors dedicate such wars to their own gods. Let us too imitate those gods: automatic fortune comes about under our art.
Food, then, thus: let us make breads that will nourish the last day, from animals which are written down at the end, in pentagon 1, in which, along a line, are laid the signs of the Lydian mode being taken in besides — a defective zeta and an inverted tau. Shut both together into a vessel, sealing the lid with clay so that there may be no breathing-out for the beasts consumed inside by themselves; then grind their remains and put them into the water from which the cake is mixed. You will do the same if you smear the ovens with this juice; but for those who bake, this is a danger. lacuna Having prepared enough of such foods, furnish them to the enemies in whatever way you can.
Greek
δένδρα δ' ἐχθρῶν ἐκκόπτων κωλύσεις τοὺς ἀντιπάλους λαθεῖν· εἰς δὲ τὸ μὴ χρῄζειν τῆς ἀλλοτρίας νομῆς ὁ ἐπιφερόμενος χιλὸς ἀρκεῖ καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα ἐπινενόηται εἰς στρατιὰ χρόνιον ἐς τὸ τῶν ἐπιτηδείων εὐπορεῖν ἔχειν καὶ πρὸς τὸ μηδὲν χαλεπὸν ὑπὸ τῶν ἐχθρῶν διατεθῆναι· ὅπερ καὶ πρῶτον ἀνδραγάθημα· τοῦ γὰρ ἀδικῆσαι πολλῷ τὸ μὴ παθεῖν κρεῖττον· Πύρρος γοῦν, Ῥωμαίους πλεονεκτῶν, ἀναλώθη. Χρόνῳ δὴ πρῶτον καὶ τριβῇ καὶ λιμῷ καὶ φθορᾷ μάλιστα κατὰ τῶν βαρβάρων χρηστέον, οἷς πρόσκαιρος ἡ τοῦ στρατεύματος συλλογὴ καὶ οὐ δύναμις διαρκής, ἀλλ' ἐξ ἐπιδρομῆς ἁρπαγή. Τροφάς τε γὰρ ἐπιφέρονται ἡμέραις μεμετρημένας καὶ ῥητὸν ἀριθμὸν βελῶν καὶ πρόδηλος, ἀναλωθέντων αὐτῶν, ἡ φυγή. Τί οὖν σπεύδουσιν πολεμίοις ἀπαντᾶν, οὕς, περιμείνας, ὄψομαι ὑπὸ τῆς αὑτῶν προθεσμίας δεδιωγμένους; Λιμὸς ἔπεισιν αὐτοὺς ὑπερήμερος, τῶν ὀλίγων τροφῶν μάτην ἀνηλωμένων. Ἄγε δὴ μὴ ἐπιτρέπωμεν μηδὲ λιμώττουσι ἐκείνοις φυγεῖν· κατασχέτω αὐτοὺς δίχα σιδήρου φθορά, δίχα μάχης ἡ τελευτή. Νικήσωμεν αὐτοὺς ἀέρι συμμάχῳ καὶ ὕδατι βοηθῷ· μετὰ τῶν στοιχείων κατ' αὐτῶν ὁπλισώμεθα. Ἀπορρήτου παρατάξεως στρατηγῶ, ἀσυμφανεῖ μάχῃ χρῶμαι. Πεσέτω πολέμιος πᾶς, ἀναπνεύσας, διψῶν, ἢ φαγών· ἐπικίνδυνα αὐτῷ πάντα ποιῶ. Λιμωττέτω μὲν ἂν μείνῃ, λοιμωττέτω δὲ ἵνα μὴ φύγῃ. Ἔργον μεγάλης ποιήσωμεν εὐχῆς. Ἐκένωσε τὰς Ἀθήνας πεπληρωμένας Λακεδαιμονίοις ἀὴρ συμμαχῶν, καὶ Καρχηδονίους τὸ τοιοῦτο κατάστημα κατέσχεν ἐν Σικελίᾳ. Ἀνατιθέασιν οἱ νικῶντες τοὺς τοιούτους πολέμους ἰδίοις θεοῖς. Ἐκείνους καὶ ἡμεῖς μιμησώμεθα τοὺς θεούς· αὐτόματος τύχη ὑπὸ τῆς ἡμετέρας τέχνης γίνεται. Τροφὴ μὲν οὖν οὕτως· ἄρτους ποιήσωμεν, τοὺς θρέψοντας τὴν ἐσχάτην ἡμέραν, ζῷα ἅπερ ἀνάγραπτα ἐπὶ τέλει κεῖται, ἐν πενταγώνῳ <αʹ>, ᾧ κατὰ γραμμοειδὲς ἔγκειται Λυδίου τρόπου προσλαμβανομένου σημεῖα, ζῆτα ἐλλιπὲς καὶ ταῦ ὕπτιον. Εἰς ἀγγεῖον κατάκλεισον ἀμφότερα κοινῇ, φιμώσας τὸ πῶμα πηλῷ, ὡς διάπνοιαν μὴ γενέσθαι τοῖς θηρίοις ὑφ' αὑτῶν ἔνδον ἀνηλωμένοις· εἶτ' αὐτῶν λειώσας τὰ λείψανα, εἰς τὸ ὕδωρ κάθες ὅθεν τὸ πέμμα φυρᾶται. Ταὐτὸ δὲ δράσεις ἂν τῷ χυλῷ τούτῳ τοὺς κριβάνους χρίσῃς· ἀλλὰ γὰρ τοῖς πέττουσι τοῦτο κίνδυνος <.....>. Τὸ αὔταρκες οὖν τῶν τοιούτων παρασκευάσας τροφῶν, πάρασχε τοῖς πολεμίοις ὃν δύνασαι τρόπον.
About this text
Julius Africanus, Cesti (Embroidered Girdles): a miscellany of history, science, and craft, in the surviving fragments — books 7, 2, and 3 in full, with parts of books 4, 8, 9, and 13, and the colophon of Cestus 18. The older English translates his letters only. The book-2 table of contents and a book-7 appendix are not in this volume.
New English from locked PG 10 / Khazarzar Greek of the Cesti fragmenta through 9.5. Earlier lemma-led scaffold English was discarded. Book-2 pinax and book-7 appendix held. This lock is exhausted.
Catalogue & scope
Khazarzar scan
Witnesses
- Copy-text PG 10 Cesti fragmenta (Khazarzar) (Greek)
This is an AI-assisted study translation. Source fidelity and completeness have not been independently certified. Open Greek on each section for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.