Once-for-all death; horns = cross; calf blood type; side blood and water
Cyril: ….’ For as he himself somehow says again, ‘Having died once, he no longer dies; death will no longer lord it over him. For what he died, he died to the sin once; and what he lives, he lives to God.’ (Romans 6:9–10) So then the divine Aaron was entering into the Holies of holies, once of the year, through blood of the cleansing of the sins. And see Christ again in these things, with his own blood of the salvation and life of all, all but sprinkling down his own cross. For a type of a cross are the horns, having bent out this way and that as in an order of hands stretched. So then think Christ having died once, and being Holy of holies, according to nature, as God. For John is also true, saying that ‘From his fullness we all received.’ (Leviticus 4:13–18) For the whole visible and invisible creation is a sharer of Christ. For angels and archangels, and the things still beyond these, and the cherubim themselves, are not otherwise holy, except that through Christ alone, in holy Spirit. So then he himself is the altar, and he himself the incense, and high priest, and likewise he himself the blood of the cleansing of sins.
Palladius: Yes you speak uprightly. Yet what the blood of the cleansing of the sins ever is, I am not able to understand clearly.
Cyril: The law, pre-typing the cleansing through blood and the holy victim—I mean Christ, through whom we have also been saved, fleeing the pollution melted into us from sin—says somehow thus in Leviticus: ‘And if all the synagogue of Israel should be ignorant, and a word should escape from eyes of the synagogue, and they should do one from all the commandments of the Lord which will not be done, and should fail, and the sin which they sinned in it should be known to them, and the synagogue will bring forward a calf from oxen blameless concerning the sin, and will bring it forward beside the doors of the testimony of the tent, and the elders of the synagogue will set their hands upon the head of the calf before the Lord, and will slaughter a calf before the Lord, and the anointed priest will bring in from the blood of the calf into the tent of the testimony. And the priest will dip the finger from the blood of the calf, and will sprinkle seven times before the Lord opposite the holy veil, and from the blood the priest will set upon the horns of the altar of the compound incense, which is before the Lord, which is in the tent of the testimony.’ (John 1:16) And more broadly concerning these things will be said for us according to times; yet look how again Emmanuel is slaughtered for us as in a calf, and releases us from sins, and sets us out from judgment, and carries us away from penalty, and goes through the greater and more perfect tent, not through calves and goats, but through his own blood, and having tasted death once. For upon a wood above, having opened the side with a spear, he poured out blood and water. And a type of a cross would be, as we also said having anticipated, the projections of the horns (Hebrews 9:11–12) (John 19:34).
Greek
ράμενος.» Ὡς γὰρ αὐτός που πάλιν φησὶν, «Ἅπαξ ἀποθανὼν, οὐκέτι ἀποθνήσκει, θάνατος αὐτοῦ οὐκέτι κυριεύσει. Ὃ γὰρ ἀπέθανε, τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ ἀπέθανεν ἐφάπαξ· ὃ δὲ ζῇ, ζῇ τῷ Θεῷ.» Εἰσῄει τοίνυν ὁ θεσπέσιος Ἀαρὼν εἰς τὰ Ἅγια τῶν ἁγίων, ἅπαξ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ, δι' αἵματος τοῦ καθαρισμοῦ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν. Καὶ ὅρα Χριστὸν ἐν τουτοισὶ πάλιν, αἵματι τῷ ἰδίῳ τῆς ἁπάντων σωτηρίας καὶ ζωῆς, μονονουχὶ τὸν ἴδιον καταῤῥαίνοντα σταυρόν. Σταυροῦ γὰρ τύπος τὰ κέρατα, τῇδε κἀκεῖσε ὡς ἐν τάξει χειρῶν ἀποτάδην ἐκνενευκότα. Οὐκοῦν ἀποθανόντα μὲν ἅπαξ ἐννόει Χριστὸν, Ἅγιον δὲ τῶν ἁγίων ὄντα, κατὰ φύσιν, ὡς Θεόν. Καὶ γάρ ἐστιν ἀληθὴς Ἰωάννης, λέγων, ὅτι «Ἐκ τοῦ πληρώματος αὐτοῦ ἡμεῖς πάντες ἐλάβομεν.» Χριστοῦ γὰρ μέτοχος ἡ πᾶσά ἐστι ὁρατὴ καὶ ἀόρατος κτίσις. Ἄγγελοί τε γὰρ καὶ ἀρχάγγελοι, καὶ τὰ ἔτι τούτων ἐπέκεινα, καὶ αὐτὰ δὲ τὰ Χερουβὶμ, οὐχ ἑτέρως ἅγια, πλὴν ὅτι διὰ μόνου Χριστοῦ, ἐν ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι. Αὐτὸς οὖν ἄρα ἐστὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον, αὐτὸς δὲ τὸ θυμίαμα, καὶ ἀρχιερεὺς, αὐτὸς δὲ ὁμοίως τὸ αἷμα τοῦ καθαρισμοῦ ἁμαρτιῶν.
{ΠΑΛΛ.} Ναὶ λέγεις ὀρθῶς. Πλὴν ὅ τί ποτέ ἐστι τοῦ καθαρισμοῦ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν τὸ αἷμα, σαφῶς ἐννοεῖν οὐκ ἔχω.
{ΚΥΡ.} Προανατυπῶν ὁ νόμος τὴν δι' αἵματος ἀποκάθαρσιν καὶ τὸ θῦμα τὸ ἱερὸν, φημὶ δὴ Χριστὸν, δι' οὗ καὶ σεσώσμεθα, τὸν ἐξ ἁμαρτίας ἐντετηγμένον ἡμῖν διαδιδράσκοντες μολυσμὸν, ὧδέ πή φησιν ἐν τῷ Λευϊτικῷ· «Ἐὰν δὲ πᾶσα,» φησὶ, «συναγωγὴ Ἰσραὴλ ἀγνοήσῃ, καὶ λάθῃ ῥῆμα ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν τῆς συναγωγῆς, καὶ ποιήσωσι μίαν ἀπὸ πασῶν τῶν ἐντολῶν Κυρίου, ἣ οὐ ποιηθήσεται, καὶ πλημμελήσωσι, καὶ γνωσθῇ αὐτοῖς ἡ ἁμαρτία, ἢν ἥμαρτον ἐν αὐτῇ, καὶ προσάξει ἡ συναγωγὴ μόσχον ἐκ βοῶν ἄμωμον περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας, καὶ προσάξει αὐτὸν παρὰ τὰς θύρας τοῦ μαρτυρίου τῆς σκηνῆς, καὶ ἐπιθήσουσιν οἱ πρεσβύτεροι τῆς συναγωγῆς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν τοῦ μόσχου ἔναντι Κυρίου, καὶ σφάξουσι μόσχον ἔναντι Κυρίου, καὶ εἰσοίσει ὁ ἱερεὺς χριστὸς ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ μόσχου εἰς τὴν σκηνὴν τοῦ μαρτυρίου. Καὶ βάψει ὁ ἱερεὺς τὸν δάκτυλον ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ μόσχου, καὶ ῥανεῖ ἑπτάκις ἔναντι Κυρίου κατ' ἐνώπιον τοῦ καταπετάσματος τοῦ ἁγίου, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος ἐπιθήσει ὁ ἱερεὺς ἐπὶ τὰ κέρατα τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου τῶν θυμιαμάτων τῆς συνθέσεως, ὅ ἐστιν ἐνώπιον Κυρίου, ὅ ἐστιν ἐν τῇ σκηνῇ τοῦ μαρτυρίου.» Καὶ πλατύτερον μὲν περί γε τούτων ἡμῖν κατὰ καιροὺς εἰρήσεται· ἄθρει δὲ ὡς ἐν μόσχῳ πάλιν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν σφαζόμενον τὸν Ἐμμανουὴλ, καὶ ἁμαρτίας ἡμᾶς ἀπαλλάττοντα, καὶ ἐξιστῶντα δίκης, καὶ ποινῆς ἀποφέροντα, καὶ διὰ τῆς μείζονος καὶ τελειοτέρας ἰόντα σκηνῆς, οὐ διὰ μόσχων καὶ τράγων, ἀλλὰ δι' αἵματος τοῦ ἰδίου, καὶ θανάτου προσάπαξ ἀπογευσάμενον. Ἐπὶ ξύλου γὰρ ἄνω λόγχῃ διανοιγεὶς τὴν πλευρὰν, αἷμά τε καὶ ὕδωρ ἐξέβλυσεν. Τύπος δ' ἂν εἶεν σταυροῦ, καθὰ καὶ φθάσαντες εἴπομεν, αἱ τῶν κεράτων ἐξοχαί.
About this text
Cyril continues the dialogue with Palladius. Book 9 of a seventeen-book dialogue — not the whole work.
English follows Migne PG 68 (Aubert reprint). The PDF and a cleaned text of the same print were checked against each other. This page is Book 9 of seventeen. This is a reading translation for study, not a new critical edition of the Greek.
Witnesses
- Copy-text Migne PG 68 De adoratione Book 5 (Aubert reprint) (Greek · Book 9)
- Checked print PDF of PG 68 De adoratione (Greek · Book 9)
English is newly prepared for study from the stated edition. Open Greek on each section for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.